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Changing Climate, Winds and Ocean Carbon Uptake
Joellen Russell, University of Arizona
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Strong winds in Southern Ocean storms drive air-sea carbon and heat fluxes and these fluxes are integral to the global climate system. Evidence from a range of sources indicates that the wind speeds that drive these fluxes are increasing. We present results from an experiment using the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate to explore the effects of a 20% increase in wind speed on the air-sea carbon fluxes over the Southern Ocean. We find that increased winds lead to significantly increased outgassing during the winter, consistent with recent biogeochemical float observations. Unfortunately, the current scatterometer constellation that remotely senses vector winds undersamples these storms and the higher winds within them, temporally as well as spatially, leading to potentially large biases in Southern Ocean wind reanalyses and the carbon and heat fluxes that derive from them.
About Joellen Russell
Dr. Joellen Russell is an oceanographer, climate scientist and University Distinguished Professor at the University of Arizona. Prof. Russell uses robot floats, supercomputers and satellites to observe and predict the ocean’s role in climate and the carbon cycle. Prof. Russell is the lead for the modeling theme of the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project (SOCCOM) including its Southern Ocean Model Intercomparison Project (SOMIP). She currently serves as Co-Chair of the NOAA Science Advisory Board’s Climate Working Group and on the National Center for Atmospheric Research’s Community Earth System Model Advisory Board. Prof. Russell is one of the 14 scientists behind an amicus curiae brief supporting the plaintiff in the historic 2007 U.S. Supreme Court decision on carbon dioxide emissions and climate change, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, et al. v. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Before joining UA, Dr. Russell was a Research Scientist at Princeton University and the National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration’s Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA/GFDL). She received her A.B. in Environmental Geoscience from Harvard and her PhD in Oceanography from Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. You can follow her on Twitter at @deepblueseanext.
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